Ndemanga Yodzaza Milomo: Chilichonse chomwe mungayembekezere kuchokera pamachitidwe

Pafupifupi chaka chimodzi ndi theka chapitacho, ndinaganiza zolowa m’dziko lokulitsa milomo molimba mtima koma mosamala ndi kukweza milomo yanga yakumtunda pang’ono pobaya milomo.Kunena zoona, ndikanakonda kuyesera.M'ntchito yanga (kulemba kukongola), mumakonda kudziwa anthu ambiri omwe amagula ma syringe mwachangu ndipo pamapeto pake amawoneka okongola koma osati achilengedwe.
Zikafika pazomwe mukuyang'ana mu jakisoni, pali njira zambiri.Mutha kusankha njira yodzaza milomo ya keyhole, kapena mutha kusankha milomo yonse ya pilo.Kumbali ina, ndimangowombera pang'ono, ndipo ndimakhala ndi milomo yapamwamba pamene ndikumwetulira.Tsopano popeza ndaitanidwa kutenga nawo gawo pantchito yosamalira milomo yaulere (phindu la ntchito yanga), yomwe imaphatikizapo zodzaza zolimba kwambiri za Juvéderm Volbella, bwanji osayesa?Chifukwa chake ndili pano kuti ndikupatseni ndemanga yonse.
Koma choyamba, chifukwa ndimadziwa kuti ndimafunikira chitsogozo ndisanachite ngozi, ndidafunsa madokotala awiri omwe adandipatsa jakisoni m'miyezi 18 yapitayi, dokotala wa opaleshoni ya Moh Dendy Engelman, ndi madokotala ochita opaleshoni ya pulasitiki Madokotala ndi maphunziro apamwamba a Allergan padziko lonse lapansi. Botox ndi Juvéderm David Shafer (onse ochokera ku Shafer Clinic ku New York) -amathandizira ndi choyambira chokwanira pamilomo, kuphatikiza mitundu yosiyanasiyana (owononga: nthawi zambiri mumamva hyaluronic acid mawu awa).
Kenako ndikuuzeni zomwe zidzachitike panthawi yomwe mwasankha, mtengo wake, ngakhale ndidzachitanso.Ndikuwonetsanso zithunzizo ndisanayambe komanso pambuyo panga, chifukwa bwerani, ichi chingakhale cholinga chenicheni chakubwera kwanu kuno.
Madokotala amatha kusankha zodzaza kuchokera pamilomo yamakampani awiriwa.Pali gulu la Restylane, lomwe limaphatikizapo Restylane, Restylane Silk ndi Restylane Kysse.Ndiye pali zida za Juvéderm, zomwe zimaphatikizapo (kuchokera ku thinnest mpaka kukhuthala) Juvéderm Volbella XC, Juvéderm Ultra XC ndi Juvéderm Ultra Plus.Izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala kuyambira miyezi 6 mpaka 12, ndipo Restylane Kysse ndi Juvéderm Volbella amakhala nthawi yayitali.
Chinsinsi apa ndikuti onse amachokera ku hyaluronic acid.Ndilo kusankha koyamba kwa fillers pazifukwa zingapo.Choyamba, Shafer ananena kuti chifukwa chakuti umakhalapo m’thupi lenilenilo, “poyerekeza ndi zinthu monga collagen yogwira ntchito ndi chitetezo cha m’thupi, kuthekera kwake kukanidwa kapena kuchitapo kanthu ndi thupi kuli pafupifupi ziro.”Palinso mfundo yakuti ngati simukukonda hyaluronic acid, imakhalanso ndi ubwino wosungunuka.Kuti asinthe zodzaza, dokotala wanu adzabaya hyaluronidase kumalo omwe akuyenera kusungunuka.Shafer akufotokoza kuti, “Ngati chodzazacho changobadwira kumene, nthawi zina chimasungunuka msanga, koma zotsatira zake zimatha kutenga maola 24 mpaka 8 kuti ziwoneke.”Nthawi zina, chithandizo chachiwiri chimafunika kuti chisungunuke.
Koma kubwerera ku filler palokha.Zogulitsa zonsezi (Restylane, Restylane Silk, Restylane Kysse, Juvéderm Volbella XC, Juvéderm Ultra XC ndi Juvéderm Ultra Plus) zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kupanga milomo yodzaza ndi yofanana, komanso kuthetsa mizere yabwino pakamwa.Ndipo zotsatira zake zingakhalepo kwa aliyense.Pakhoza kukhala mikwingwirima pang'ono, kutupa, asymmetry ya milomo, matenda (kawirikawiri), zipsera, ngakhale kutayika kwa minofu.
Ponena za mtengo wa jakisoni wa mlomo, izi zitha kusiyanasiyana malinga ndi dokotala, koma mutha kulipira pafupifupi US$700 mpaka US$2000.
Kuyang'ana mwachirengedwe ndikukupatsani jekeseni wa symmetrical pouting kumafuna luso la dokotala wanu, chifukwa chake akatswiri ambiri adzakuchenjezani kuti musapite ku spa yachipatala, koma kwa dokotala wa opaleshoni wa pulasitiki wotsimikiziridwa ndi komiti kapena dermatologist.Malinga ndi Shafer, "Iwo alandira zaka zambiri zophunzitsidwa, osati mu njira zaukatswiri zokha, komanso muukadaulo wa aseptic, chitetezo cha odwala komanso machitidwe azachipatala."
Engelman adanena kuti adalandiranso maphunziro apamwamba pazachilendo, zomwe ndi zofunika kwambiri.Wodwala akabwera ku ofesi yake, amaganizira zinthu zambiri, “kuphatikiza kufanana, kuchuluka kwake, kaya wodwalayo ali ndi fupa/mafuta ochirikiza pakamwa, kuchuluka kwake, ndi zotsatira zomwe akufuna.Chinthu chimodzi chomwe takhala tikuphunzitsa ndi kuchulukana, chifukwa kumakhudzana ndi nkhope yanu yonse komanso kuchuluka kwake. ”Ananena kuti si aliyense amene ali ndi chiŵerengero cha 1:1.6 (milomo yapansi ndi yokulirapo pang’ono) imene madokotala nthaŵi zambiri amafuna.
Ndisanapite, munthu wina anandichenjeza kuti ndiyenera kusiya mankhwala enaake opha ululu."Tikufuna kuchepetsa kuthekera kwa kuvulala, choncho nthawi zambiri timapempha odwala kuti apewe zochepetsera magazi, kuphatikizapo mafuta a nsomba, pamene sakufunika kuchipatala," adatero Engelman.Ndinayeneranso kuchotsa Valtrex chifukwa ndinali ndi zilonda zozizira.Zilonda zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi singano zimatha kubweretsa ma virus, kotero izi ndizoteteza.
Ndinali ndi Engleman kwa nthawi yoyamba, kuyambira ndikukambirana, komwe ndidawunikiranso zomwe ndimafuna ndikuvomereza kuti ndinali mphaka wamantha.Sindikufuna kukwanira, "o, ali ndi zodzaza", ndikungofuna kuti ndiziwoneka ngati ndili ndi mlomo wapamwamba ndikamwetulira.Anadziwa nthawi yomweyo kuti ndinali woimira Volbella chifukwa zinkapereka zotsatira zosaoneka bwino komanso zokhalitsa.
Kenako ndimayika zonona zoziziritsa kukhosi pakamwa panga kwa mphindi zingapo, zomwe ndizodzifunira, chifukwa anthu ena amasankha kusapita.Kenaka chodzazacho chinalowetsedwa m'madera angapo a milomo yanga, makamaka pamlomo wanga wapamwamba komanso malo angapo pansi panga.Kuyambira pachiyambi mpaka kumapeto, gawoli limatenga pafupifupi mphindi 10.Zimamveka mwachangu, koma osati mwachangu.Chifukwa cha Numb Cream, sindikumva kupweteka.
Kenako ndinayika thumba la ayezi pamilomo yanga ndikukhala kwa mphindi zingapo, ndikuyika chopukutira chapepala kuti ndigwire kudontha kwa magazi kuchokera ku singano.Kenako ndinagunda msewu.Ndipo, inde, patapita pafupifupi chaka chimodzi, ndinabwereranso.(Panthawiyo, Shaffer adavomera kusankhidwa kwanga.)
Ndilibe mikwingwirima, koma zitha kuchitika."Ndinauza wodwalayo kuti mkati mwa maola 24 oyambirira, mwayi wovulala ndi kutupa kwapakati ukuyembekezeka kukhala wochepa kwambiri, osachepera 5%," adatero Shafer.Komabe, ngati izi zichitika, mutha kusankha.Anati: "Ngati mikwingwirima ichitika, tidzapatsa odwala ma lasers aulere a VBeam kuti achepetse mawonekedwe a mikwingwirima."
Milomo yanga inatupa nthawi yomweyo, ndipo mafuta otsekemera atazimiririka, adatupa modabwitsa ndipo adawoneka ngati wamisala pang'ono.Koma izi ndizabwinobwino - ndachenjezedwa ndipo ndikudziwa kuti zitha masiku ochepa.Ndinaona kuti milomo yanga inkamveka yofewa, yotupa komanso yotupa poyamba, koma pamene kutupa kunatha, kumvererako kunazimiririka sabata yotsatira.
Ndinasamala kwambiri za tsiku loyamba.Ndimapewa kugwiritsa ntchito milomo kapena gloss tsiku loyamba.Popeza singano idzapanga kutsegula pakhungu lanu, ndibwino kuti musaike china chilichonse pa singanoyo.Ndipo ndinakweza mutu wanga panthawi yogona usiku woyamba kuti ndithandize kuchepetsa kutupa, ndikupewa kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kwa masiku atatu otsatirawa kuti nditeteze thupi langa kuti lisagwiritse ntchito ma fillers mofulumira kuposa momwe ndinkafunira.Koma kenako ndinali womasuka kukhala moyo wanga ndi milomo yatsopano ndi yabwino.
Chabwino, tsopano popeza mukudziwa kuti ndabwerako kuyambira pomwe ndidaziwonetsa, mutha kuganiza kuti kudzazidwa ndikoyenera.M'malo mwake, nditabwereranso kuntchito ndi Shafer, ndinapempha kuti izi zitheke.Koma ndikuganiza kuti ndakonzeka kukweza fomula yokhuthala.Tsopano popeza ndazoloŵera kusiyana kumeneku, sindikuona kuti padzakhala kusintha kwakukulu—ndipo, nthaŵi zambiri, tsopano sindimakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi zodzaza.
Ponena za nthawi yayitali bwanji, mwachiwonekere ndidasokoneza chojambuliracho mwachangu kwambiri chifukwa sindinali pafupi ndi kutha kwa miyezi 12 ya Volbella.(Ndinganene kuti ndafikira pafupifupi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Koma izi zikutanthauza kuti ndili ndi milomo yapamwamba yaulemerero kwa theka la chaka.)
Ngati mwawerenga zonsezi ndipo mukadali pampanda kapena kungofuna milomo yodzaza popanda kukangana, ndili ndi inu.Nazi zina mwazinthu zonenepa pang'ono zomwe zingakupangitseni kukhala osavomerezeka.
Pansipa, pezani zowonjezera zisanu zabwino kwambiri zapamilomo.Yang'anani, ndiyeno yang'anani zina 12 zofunika kwambiri.
Ngati kuwunika kwake kwa Sephora sikunakukhumudwitseni, ndiye kuti mankhwalawa ndi okonda kwambiri.Mfundo yake yogwirira ntchito imachokera ku chisakanizo cha hyaluronic acid, niacin ndi ceramide ya kulemera kwa maselo osakanikirana.
Zogulitsa izi ndizokwiyitsa kwambiri pa TikTok pazifukwa zomveka: chifukwa cha kuphatikiza kwa atelo-collagen, "mipira yodzaza m'madzi", vitamini E, ndi mafuta a avocado ndi jojoba, mutha kukhala ndi kufewa ndi milomo yosambira kamodzi.
Dongosolo la magawo awiri limawirikiza ngati chisamaliro cha milomo, chomwe chimathetsa mizere yabwino pakapita nthawi ndikuwonjezera voliyumu ndi hyaluronic acid.
Njira ina yochokera ku hyaluronic acid, fomulayi imafunikiranso ma peptides kuti athandizire milomo yanu ndi milingo ya kolajeni.
Njirayi imachokera pa-mumaganizira-hyaluronic acid, yomwe ili ndi vitamini B3 kuti ikhale yabwino komanso yosalala.
Pafupifupi chaka chimodzi ndi theka chapitacho, ndinaganiza zolowa m’dziko lokulitsa milomo molimba mtima koma mosamala ndi kukweza milomo yanga yakumtunda pang’ono pobaya milomo.Kunena zoona, ndikanakonda kuyesera.M'ntchito yanga (kulemba kukongola), mumakonda kudziwa anthu ambiri omwe amagula ma syringe mwachangu ndipo pamapeto pake amawoneka okongola koma osati achilengedwe.
Zikafika pazomwe mukuyang'ana mu jakisoni, pali njira zambiri.Mutha kusankha njira yodzaza milomo ya keyhole, kapena mutha kusankha milomo yonse ya pilo.Kumbali ina, ndimangowombera pang'ono, ndipo ndimakhala ndi milomo yapamwamba pamene ndikumwetulira.Tsopano popeza ndaitanidwa kutenga nawo gawo pantchito yosamalira milomo yaulere (phindu la ntchito yanga), yomwe imaphatikizapo zodzaza zolimba kwambiri za Juvéderm Volbella, bwanji osayesa?Chifukwa chake ndili pano kuti ndikupatseni ndemanga yonse.
Koma choyamba, chifukwa ndimadziwa kuti ndimafunikira chitsogozo ndisanachite ngozi, ndidafunsa madokotala awiri omwe adandipatsa jakisoni m'miyezi 18 yapitayi, dokotala wa opaleshoni ya Moh Dendy Engelman, ndi madokotala ochita opaleshoni ya pulasitiki Madokotala ndi maphunziro apamwamba a Allergan padziko lonse lapansi. Botox ndi Juvéderm David Shafer (onse ochokera ku Shafer Clinic ku New York) -amathandizira ndi choyambira chokwanira pamilomo, kuphatikiza mitundu yosiyanasiyana (owononga: nthawi zambiri mumamva hyaluronic acid mawu awa).
Kenako ndikuuzeni zomwe zidzachitike panthawi yomwe mwasankha, mtengo wake, ngakhale ndidzachitanso.Ndikuwonetsanso zithunzizo ndisanayambe komanso pambuyo panga, chifukwa bwerani, ichi chingakhale cholinga chenicheni chakubwera kwanu kuno.
Madokotala amatha kusankha zodzaza kuchokera pamilomo yamakampani awiriwa.Pali gulu la Restylane, lomwe limaphatikizapo Restylane, Restylane Silk ndi Restylane Kysse.Ndiye pali zida za Juvéderm, zomwe zimaphatikizapo (kuchokera ku thinnest mpaka kukhuthala) Juvéderm Volbella XC, Juvéderm Ultra XC ndi Juvéderm Ultra Plus.Izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala kuyambira miyezi 6 mpaka 12, ndipo Restylane Kysse ndi Juvéderm Volbella amakhala nthawi yayitali.
Chinsinsi apa ndikuti onse amachokera ku hyaluronic acid.Ndilo kusankha koyamba kwa fillers pazifukwa zingapo.Choyamba, Shafer ananena kuti chifukwa chakuti umakhalapo m’thupi lenilenilo, “poyerekeza ndi zinthu monga collagen yogwira ntchito ndi chitetezo cha m’thupi, kuthekera kwake kukanidwa kapena kuchitapo kanthu ndi thupi kuli pafupifupi ziro.”Palinso mfundo yakuti ngati simukukonda hyaluronic acid, imakhalanso ndi ubwino wosungunuka.Kuti asinthe zodzaza, dokotala wanu adzabaya hyaluronidase kumalo omwe akuyenera kusungunuka.Shafer akufotokoza kuti, “Ngati chodzazacho changobadwira kumene, nthawi zina chimasungunuka msanga, koma zotsatira zake zimatha kutenga maola 24 mpaka 8 kuti ziwoneke.”Nthawi zina, chithandizo chachiwiri chimafunika kuti chisungunuke.
Koma kubwerera ku filler palokha.Zogulitsa zonsezi (Restylane, Restylane Silk, Restylane Kysse, Juvéderm Volbella XC, Juvéderm Ultra XC ndi Juvéderm Ultra Plus) zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kupanga milomo yodzaza ndi yofanana, komanso kuthetsa mizere yabwino pakamwa.Ndipo zotsatira zake zingakhalepo kwa aliyense.Pakhoza kukhala mikwingwirima pang'ono, kutupa, asymmetry ya milomo, matenda (kawirikawiri), zipsera, ngakhale kutayika kwa minofu.
Ponena za mtengo wa jakisoni wa mlomo, izi zitha kusiyanasiyana malinga ndi dokotala, koma mutha kulipira pafupifupi US$700 mpaka US$2000.
Kuyang'ana mwachirengedwe ndikukupatsani jekeseni wa symmetrical pouting kumafuna luso la dokotala wanu, chifukwa chake akatswiri ambiri adzakuchenjezani kuti musapite ku spa yachipatala, koma kwa dokotala wa opaleshoni wa pulasitiki wotsimikiziridwa ndi komiti kapena dermatologist.Malinga ndi Shafer, "Iwo alandira zaka zambiri zophunzitsidwa, osati mu njira zaukatswiri zokha, komanso muukadaulo wa aseptic, chitetezo cha odwala komanso machitidwe azachipatala."
Engelman adanena kuti adalandiranso maphunziro apamwamba pazachilendo, zomwe ndi zofunika kwambiri.Wodwala akabwera ku ofesi yake, amaganizira zinthu zambiri, “kuphatikiza kufanana, kuchuluka kwake, kaya wodwalayo ali ndi fupa/mafuta ochirikiza pakamwa, kuchuluka kwake, ndi zotsatira zomwe akufuna.Chinthu chimodzi chomwe takhala tikuphunzitsa ndi kuchulukana, chifukwa kumakhudzana ndi nkhope yanu yonse komanso kuchuluka kwake. ”Ananena kuti si aliyense amene ali ndi chiŵerengero cha 1:1.6 (milomo yapansi ndi yokulirapo pang’ono) imene madokotala nthaŵi zambiri amafuna.
Ndisanapite, munthu wina anandichenjeza kuti ndiyenera kusiya mankhwala enaake opha ululu."Tikufuna kuchepetsa kuthekera kwa kuvulala, choncho nthawi zambiri timapempha odwala kuti apewe zochepetsera magazi, kuphatikizapo mafuta a nsomba, pamene sakufunika kuchipatala," adatero Engelman.Ndinayeneranso kuchotsa Valtrex chifukwa ndinali ndi zilonda zozizira.Zilonda zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi singano zimatha kubweretsa ma virus, kotero izi ndizoteteza.
Ndinali ndi Engleman kwa nthawi yoyamba, kuyambira ndikukambirana, komwe ndidawunikiranso zomwe ndimafuna ndikuvomereza kuti ndinali mphaka wamantha.Sindikufuna kukwanira, "o, ali ndi zodzaza", ndikungofuna kuti ndiziwoneka ngati ndili ndi mlomo wapamwamba ndikamwetulira.Anadziwa nthawi yomweyo kuti ndinali woimira Volbella chifukwa zinkapereka zotsatira zosaoneka bwino komanso zokhalitsa.
Kenako ndimayika zonona zoziziritsa kukhosi pakamwa panga kwa mphindi zingapo, zomwe ndizodzifunira, chifukwa anthu ena amasankha kusapita.Kenaka chodzazacho chinalowetsedwa m'madera angapo a milomo yanga, makamaka pamlomo wanga wapamwamba komanso malo angapo pansi panga.Kuyambira pachiyambi mpaka kumapeto, gawoli limatenga pafupifupi mphindi 10.Zimamveka mwachangu, koma osati mwachangu.Chifukwa cha Numb Cream, sindikumva kupweteka.
Kenako ndinayika thumba la ayezi pamilomo yanga ndikukhala kwa mphindi zingapo, ndikuyika chopukutira chapepala kuti ndigwire kudontha kwa magazi kuchokera ku singano.Kenako ndinagunda msewu.Ndipo, inde, patapita pafupifupi chaka chimodzi, ndinabwereranso.(Panthawiyo, Shaffer adavomera kusankhidwa kwanga.)
Ndilibe mikwingwirima, koma zitha kuchitika."Ndinauza wodwalayo kuti mkati mwa maola 24 oyambirira, mwayi wovulala ndi kutupa kwapakati ukuyembekezeka kukhala wochepa kwambiri, osachepera 5%," adatero Shafer.Komabe, ngati izi zichitika, mutha kusankha.Anati: "Ngati mikwingwirima ichitika, tidzapatsa odwala ma lasers aulere a VBeam kuti achepetse mawonekedwe a mikwingwirima."
Milomo yanga inatupa nthawi yomweyo, ndipo mafuta otsekemera atazimiririka, adatupa modabwitsa ndipo adawoneka ngati wamisala pang'ono.Koma izi ndizabwinobwino - ndachenjezedwa ndipo ndikudziwa kuti zitha masiku ochepa.Ndinaona kuti milomo yanga inkamveka yofewa, yotupa komanso yotupa poyamba, koma pamene kutupa kunatha, kumvererako kunazimiririka sabata yotsatira.
Ndinasamala kwambiri za tsiku loyamba.Ndimapewa kugwiritsa ntchito milomo kapena gloss tsiku loyamba.Popeza singano idzapanga kutsegula pakhungu lanu, ndibwino kuti musaike china chilichonse pa singanoyo.Ndipo ndinakweza mutu wanga panthawi yogona usiku woyamba kuti ndithandize kuchepetsa kutupa, ndikupewa kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kwa masiku atatu otsatirawa kuti nditeteze thupi langa kuti lisagwiritse ntchito ma fillers mofulumira kuposa momwe ndinkafunira.Koma kenako ndinali womasuka kukhala moyo wanga ndi milomo yatsopano ndi yabwino.
Chabwino, tsopano popeza mukudziwa kuti ndabwerako kuyambira pomwe ndidaziwonetsa, mutha kuganiza kuti kudzazidwa ndikoyenera.M'malo mwake, nditabwereranso kuntchito ndi Shafer, ndinapempha kuti izi zitheke.Koma ndikuganiza kuti ndakonzeka kukweza fomula yokhuthala.Tsopano popeza ndazoloŵera kusiyana kumeneku, sindikuona kuti padzakhala kusintha kwakukulu—ndipo, nthaŵi zambiri, tsopano sindimakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi zodzaza.
Ponena za nthawi yayitali bwanji, mwachiwonekere ndidasokoneza chojambuliracho mwachangu kwambiri chifukwa sindinali pafupi ndi kutha kwa miyezi 12 ya Volbella.(Ndinganene kuti ndafikira pafupifupi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Koma izi zikutanthauza kuti ndili ndi milomo yapamwamba yaulemerero kwa theka la chaka.)
Ngati mwawerenga zonsezi ndipo mukadali pampanda kapena kungofuna milomo yodzaza popanda kukangana, ndili ndi inu.Nazi zina mwazinthu zonenepa pang'ono zomwe zingakupangitseni kukhala osavomerezeka.
Pansipa, pezani zowonjezera zisanu zabwino kwambiri zapamilomo.Yang'anani, ndiyeno yang'anani zina 12 zofunika kwambiri.
Ngati kuwunika kwake kwa Sephora sikunakukhumudwitseni, ndiye kuti mankhwalawa ndi okonda kwambiri.Mfundo yake yogwirira ntchito imachokera ku chisakanizo cha hyaluronic acid, niacin ndi ceramide ya kulemera kwa maselo osakanikirana.
Zogulitsa izi ndizokwiyitsa kwambiri pa TikTok pazifukwa zomveka: chifukwa cha kuphatikiza kwa atelo-collagen, "mipira yodzaza m'madzi", vitamini E, ndi mafuta a avocado ndi jojoba, mutha kukhala ndi kufewa ndi milomo yosambira kamodzi.
Dongosolo la magawo awiri limawirikiza ngati chisamaliro cha milomo, chomwe chimathetsa mizere yabwino pakapita nthawi ndikuwonjezera voliyumu ndi hyaluronic acid.
Njira ina yochokera ku hyaluronic acid, fomulayi imafunikiranso ma peptides kuti athandizire milomo yanu ndi milingo ya kolajeni.
Njirayi imachokera pa-mumaganizira-hyaluronic acid, yomwe ili ndi vitamini B3 kuti ikhale yabwino komanso yosalala.


Nthawi yotumiza: Sep-06-2021